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Ibn Khallikan
Shams al-Dīn Abū Al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad Ibn Muḥammad Ibn Khallikān ((アラビア語: شمس الدين أبو العباس أحمد بن محمد بن خلكان), in Kurdish "Ibn Xelikan", the Khallikans are a kurdish tribe) (September 22, 1211 – October 30, 1282) was a 13th Century Shafi'i Islamic scholar of Arab〔(Ed.) Kenneth M. Setton, Harry Williams Hazard, Norman P. Zacour, ''A History of the Crusades: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1990, (s. 681. )〕 or Kurdish〔https://books.google.com/books?id=PEXJelJiwh4C&pg=PA31 (A travers deux siècles, Le Caveau, société bachique et chantante: 1726-1939 Par Université de Paris IV: Paris-Sorbonne. Institut de recherches sur les civilisations de l'Occident moderne. Colloque,Brigitte Leve)〕〔Firoozeh Papan-Matin. "Beyond Death: The Mystical Teachings of ʻAyn Al-Quḍāt Al-Hamadhānī". (p. 97-98 ) The famous Kurdish medieval biographer Abū Al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn al-Khallikān..〕〔http://www.kurdishacademy.org/?q=node/773 (According to the british kurdish academy of london, ibn kahlikkan is kurdish)〕〔http://www.wdl.org/fr/search/?contributors=Ibn%20Khallik%C4%81n%2C%201211-1282#7448 (According to the Egyptian "bibliotheca alexandrina" , ibn khallikan is kurdish)〕〔https://books.google.com/books?id=xLwWYCuZgDYC&pg=PA515(Ibn Khallikan book's "kurds are not persians...")〕〔https://books.google.com/books?id=q_189OeDwSMC&pg=PA500 (According to the journal "Encyclopaedic Ethnography of Middle-East and Central Asia: A-I. vol. 1, Volume 1 ", Ibn Khallikan is a Kurdish intellectuel)〕〔https://books.google.com/books?id=UZU3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA1155 (According to the british historian "E.J.BRILL", "first encyclopaedia of islam", printed in 1913 and 1936, Ibn Khallian is kurdish)〕 origin. He was described as "a pious man, virtuous, and learned; amiable in temper, in conversation serious and instructive. His exterior was highly prepossessing, his countenance handsome and his manners engaging."〔Ludwig W. Adamec (2009), ''Historical Dictionary of Islam'', p.139. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810861615.〕
==Biography==
Ibn Khallikan was born in Arbil, Iraq on September 22, 1211, studied there and in Aleppo and Damascus.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Encyclopædia Britannica Online, Ibn Khallikān )〕 He also studied jurisprudence at Mosul and then settled in Cairo.〔 He gained prominence as a jurist, theologian and grammarian.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ibn Khallikan )〕 Ibn Khallikan married in the year 1252.〔
He was an assistant to the chief judge in Egypt until 1261 when he assumed the position of chief judge in Damascus.〔 Ibn Khallikan was removed from this position in 1271, returned to Egypt and taught there until being reinstated as judge in Damascus in the year 1278.〔 He retired from this position in 1281〔 and died in Damascus on October 30, 1282.〔
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